Research on Some Factors Influencing the Milk Production Indices in Romanian Black and White Cows
Keywords:
cows, farm size, milk production, Romanian Black and White, seasonAbstract
Researches were carried out in 60 dairy farms rearing 658 Romanian Black and White (RBW) cows. Dairy cows were enrolled in the official performance control, performed by a local association. Farms were categorized by size (number of dairy cows) as small (≤10), medium (11-25) and large (>25), according to the specific conditions in Hunedoara County. Besides the farm size, the influence of calving season and parity was assessed on the milk production indices: milk yield, fat percentage and yield, and protein percentage and yield. Maturity equivalent (ME) milk, fat and protein yields were 50% (p<0.01) higher in large farms (7549± 87.44 kg milk, 309.6± 4.05 kg fat, and 252.9± 2.90 kg protein) than in medium and small farms. Fat and protein percentages in milk increased as cows grew older (by 3-5%, p<0.001). Calving season had a significant influence on ME milk production indices, as well (p<0.01). Thus, milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage and protein yield were higher in winter calvings (7175.9 kg vs. 7060.8 kg, 292.1 kg vs. 286.1 kg, 4.1% vs. 4.0% and 247.9 kg vs. 237.6 kg, respectively), while milk protein percentage was higher in summer calvings (4.3% vs. 3.6%).
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