The Use of Adsorbent Materials of Improving the Characteristics of Polluted Soils, Part 2 the Bioaccumulation of Metals in Plants Used in Phytoremediation Processes

Abstract

The study covers the advantages of phytoremediation processes of soils heavily polluted with total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) with the use of Linum usitatissimum (flax). To increase the potential development of technical crops on TPH soils polluted with 74.12±3.5 g·kg^-1 D.M., the contaminated soils were amended with fly ash; the ratio of polluted soil: fly ash 12:1 wt./wt. and fertilized with sewage sludge. The degree of accumulation of Fe in the stems was 21-33% higher than in the control sample and 6-27% in the seeds; the accumulation of Mn in the stems was 13.5-30% higher than in the control sample and 8-17% in the seeds; the accumulation of Cu in stems was 17-6% higher than in the control sample and for seeds 20-60%; the accumulation of Zn in stems was 13-27% higher than in the control sample with 49-63% in the seeds. In the harvested plant tissues from the studied variants the content of heavy metals Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni was less than the detection limit. Monitoring bioaccumulation of heavy metals in aerial plant tissue was needed to decide the sector where the biomass harvested from TPH polluted soil covered with vegetation.