Use of Oleoproteaginous Seeds as Protein Sources to Modulation the Broilers’ intestinal Microbiome
Keywords:
broiler, biochemical parameters, camelina, diet, flaxseed, hemp, intestinal microflora balance.Abstract
This study evaluates the effect of inclusion the oleoproteaginous seeds (flax, camelina and hemp) as protein alternative to soybean meal substitution in broiler diet enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the intestinal microbial populations and health status of broiler, for 42-day feeding trial (192, day-old Ross 308 chicks; 4 groups; 8 chick/replicate). For ten days, all groups received the same basal diet, and that, the experimental diet formulations were included: 6% flaxseed (E1), 10% camelina seeds (E2) and 15% hemp seeds (E3) compared to C diet. Prior to slaughter (42 days old of bird), the blood samples were aseptically collected to determine the biochemical analysis and caecal and intestinal content were collected for microbiological examination. The Lactobacillus population in the ileum was significantly higher (p = 0.008) in group E1 (7.94 lg10 CFU/g wet ileum content) compared to group C, with no notable differences observed among the other experimental groups. The serum protein profile was significantly lower (p = 0.008) for urea concentration in E2 (3.76 mg/dL) and E3 (3.75 mg/dL) compared to the C group (4.49 mg/dL). The AST concentrations for E1 was significantly higher compared to E3 group (74.47 U/L). Conversely, for alkaline phosphatase values, significantly lower results (p = 0.027) were observed for E1 (157.6 U/L) compared to C group (222.18 U/L) while the value for alanine transaminase (ALT) was significant higher (p<0.005) for E3 (45.59 U/L) group compared to C group (38.38 U/L). The addition of dietary oleoproteaginous seeds had a positive effect in limiting the development of the pathogenic bacteria only in the small intestine, thus, improving the microbial balance as flaxseed which increased the content of lactobacillus in the ileum, and camelina and hemp show distinct effects on biochemical profiles, indicating potential implications for broiler health.
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