The Effect of Applied Organic Fertilizers on the Bioavailability of Heavy Metals in Lolium Perenne, Cultivated on Fly Ash Deposits
Keywords:
bioaccumulation, fly ash, Lolium perenne, organic-zeolite fertilizerAbstract
The study aims to monitor the capacity of certain organic fertilizers (volcanic tuff and municipal sludge), applied as such and mixed with volcanic rocks with a high content in clinoptilolite, to determine the covering with vegetation of fly ash deposits resulted from the combustion of lignite in thermal plants. Both biosolids (20 t/ha) and volcanic rock with high clinoptilolite content (5 t/ha) determined the installation of a vegetative layer and diminished the soil metal bioavailability to the Lolium prerenne plant biomass. When using the organic-zeolite mixture, a synergistic effect is recorded of the two components of the treatment agent and an increase of the biomass with 448%. Moreover, the resulted biomass shows the highest reductions of metal bioaccumulations, of 38-46% for Zn and Fe, of 62% for Cu and between 82-89% for Cr, Ni and Pb.
References
Lasat, M. M., Phytoextraction of toxic Metals, A Review of Biological Mechanism, Journal of Environmental Quality, 2002, 31, 109 – 120
Rate, W., Lee, K. M., Freuch, P. A., Application of biosolids in mineral sands mine rehabilitation use of stockpiled topsoill decreases trace element uptake by plants, Bioresource Technology, 2004, 91, 223 – 231
Silveiro, M. L. A., Alloni, L. R. F., Guilherme, L. R. G., Biosolids and heavy metals in Soils, Sciencia agricola, 2003, 60, 793-806
Kamnev, A. V., Phytoremediation of Heavy metals: An Overview,, In M. Fingerman and R. Nagabhushanam, Eds., Recent Advanced in Marine Biotechnology,vol.8, Bioremediation Science Publishers Inc. Enfield NH USA, 2003, 269-317
Simon, L., Tamas, J., Kovacs, E., Kovacs, B., Biro, B., Stabilization of metals in mine spoil with amendments and growth of red fescue in symbiosis with micorrhizal fumgi, Plant Soil and Environment, 2006, 52, 385-391
van Herwijnen, R., Hutchings, T. R., AlTabbaa, A., Moffat, A. J., Johns, M. L., Ouki, S. K., Remediation of metal, contaminated soil with mineral amended composts, Environmental Pollution, 2007,150,347-354
Masu, S., Andres, L., Rus, V., Bogatu, C., Botau, D., Cocheci, D., Ihos, M., Process for obtaining of pillared materials used for metals immobilization from water, Romanian Patent No. 122630, Bucharest, 2009.
Wikum, D. A., Shanholtzer, G. F., Cover Application of the Braun-Blanquet, Scale for Vegetation Analysis in Land Development Studies, Environmental Management, 1974, 2, 323-329
