TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT INDICES IN UNIFORM AND HETEROGENEOUS RED CLOVER CANOPIES
Keywords:
red clover, hybrid ryegrass, mixed canopies, temperature effect, growth and development modellingAbstract
The aim of this study was to assess the temperature effect on growth and
development parameters in uniform (pure culture) and heterogeneous (grass-clover
mixture) red clover canopies with or without foliar fertilization in the most
productive year of red clover. The relationships between biological efficiency (εb),
Leaf Area Index (LAI), canopy height growth (Hts), light environment (PAR) and
temperature in uniform and mixed canopies for both clover ploidy groups are
presented. The temperature effect on red clover LAI corresponded to a non-linear
sigmoid function. The second foliar fertilizer application had a major effect on leaf
area development in uniform canopies. Both ploidy groups had a similar LAI
growth trend and favorable responses to foliar fertilization. The correlation
between leaf area growth and temperature was statistically significant
(p<0.05) for red clover cultivars in the unfertilized grass-clover mixtures. The
hybrid ryegrass showed higher regression coefficients in tetraploid clover
mixtures (p<0.01). Foliar fertilization determined the smoothing of species
behaviors to the temperature regime meaning that the differences between diploids
and tetraploids, and between hybrid ryegrass from both variants were less visible.
References
Allirand, J.M. (1998) – Modelisation morphologique de la croissance de
la luzerne (Medicago sativa L.) en fonction de la temperature, Ph.D. Thesis,
Universite de Paris-Sud, U.F.R. Scientifique d’Orsay.
Bărbulescu C., Puia I., Motcă Gh., Moisiuc Al. (1991) – Cultura
pajiştilor şi a plantelor furajere, Editura Didactică şi Pedagogică. Bucureşti.
Chugunova N.G., Romanova A.K. (1988) – Effect of temperature on
growth, photosynthesis, and oxygenase activity of ribulose biphosphate
carboxylase/oxygenase in red clover. Fiziologiya Rastenii. 35: 1071-1077.
Dunea D. (2005) – A 3-D approach to red clover: biomass partitioning,
light interception and canopy visualization, Lucrări ştiinŃifice – Centrul de
cercetare şi expertizare a resurselor naturale şi a mediului, Valahia University
Press, Târgovişte: 47-57.
Dunea D. (2006) – Cercetări privind bioconversia energiei solare la
Trifolium pratense L. în câmpia piemontană a Târgoviştei, Teză de doctorat,
Universitatea de ŞtiinŃe Agronomice şi Medicină Veterinară, Bucureşti. 29-32;
-166.
Karpilova I.F., Romanova A.K., Ragimova N.G., Pachepskaya L.B
(1988) – Effect of temperature on ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase in the leaves
of clover during early stage of development, Fiziologiya Rastenii, 35: 41-50.
Kendall W.A., Shaffer J.A., Hill R.R. (1994) – Effect of temperature and
water variables on the juvenile growth of lucerne and red clover, Grass For. Sci.
: 249-269.
Nassiri M.M. (1998) – Modelling Interactions in Grass-Clover Mixtures,
Ph.D. Thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University.
Spitters C.J.T., Aerts R. (1983) – Simulation of competition for light and
water in crop-weed associations, Aspects Appl. Biol. 4: 467-483.
Taylor N.L., Quesenberry K.H. (1996) – Red Clover Science, Kluwer
Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 119-129.
Thornton P.K., Dent J.B., Caldwell R.M. (1990) – Applications and
issues in modelling of intercropping systems in tropics, Agriculture, Ecosystem and
Environment, 31: 133-146.
